This course provides an introduction to the biochemical and molecular laboratory work performed in most labs today. The students will be introduced to the following themes: Blood, Protein, Bacteria (identification and hygiene), DNA, and Bioinformatics. These themes are characteristic or representative of clinical and biomedical research. Additional clinical diagnostic themes are added whenever there is an opportunity.

Provides foundation for practical applications in life science. Focuses on cellular biology of eukaryotes and prokaryotes, revisits concepts from introductory courses, examines current research and encourages evaluating reproducibility and modernizing methods.

Human Physiology is the study of the normal functioning of the human body. This knowledge is essential for students with a medical interest and all others interested in the human body. The course is divided into several units based on structure-function relationships, energy handling, homeostasis and control systems, signalling and communication, study of individual organ systems, and the integration of their functions.

Living organisms evolved from the prebiotic world through chemical reactions. Laws governing those early reactions are the same today. Chemistry is the underlying science behind biology. Biochemistry, the chemistry of life, deals with the reactions that produce the molecules of life: proteins, sugars, lipids and nucleic acids that enable the self-assembly and reproduction of simple and complex organisms. Although organisms vary enormously in complexity and biological properties, all domains of life use similar biomolecules for encoding and transmitting information, intra- and intercellular signaling, formation of membranes, building and degrading macromolecules, energy metabolism, and many more features. Errors in the production, proper localization or degradation of these molecules often lead to many diseases. Biochemical knowledge is not only essential for understanding and treating these diseases, but also necessary for advancing many applications in biotechnology.

This course covers a vast number of topics from general and molecular pathology and genetics of humans. The pathology portion includes the bases of pathology which is cell injury and cell death. The pathology also covers how acute and chronic inflammation, immunity, tissue repair, regeneration and fibrosis, and neoplasia contribute to pathologies. The course then shifts to understanding the molecular genetics underlying disease. The significance of chromosome structure and organization of genes will be covered along with gene mutations (and their inheritance) through several examples of genetic diseases. The course also focuses on the status of genetic testing and genetic treatments. Ethical and legal considerations for now and in the future will also be examined.